Since then, it has been ratified by 192 countries, with Turkey being the last country to ratify it in 2021. In 2016, France and the European Union ratified the Agreement, which came into force on the 4th of November 2016. The Agreement includes an upward revision of these national contributions every five years. In advance of COP21, each country had to present its plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It is also the Paris Agreement that sets the targets that countries set for themselves to reduce their GHG emissions, i.e. The Paris Agreement’s aim is to keep a global temperature below 2☌, and if possible 1.5☌, above pre-industrial levels. On the 12th of December 2015, during COP21, the Paris Agreement was adopted.